"Recreational workers are free to choose the time the venue the duration and the intensity of their work activity. If they are not reasonably free to choose these aspects of their work then they are not recreational workers since their work is instrumental to some other goal (for example placating the forces that impinge upon their freedom of choice).

On the other hand occupational workers may be less free to control these intruding aspects of their work since they are usually uder contract to perform certain things. They are constrained to accept certain limiting conditions of time venue duration and intensity that may not be to their liking. These occupational workers may not be able to exclude these constraints from their interpretation of the work they do." [Quote p.14]

"... the meaning of work for unconstrained occupational workers is very like the meaning of work for recreational workers since recreational work is performed in an atmosphere relatively free from intruding constraints." [Quote p.15]

"For the Roman ruling class in the first century AD when up to ninety percent of the population of Italy were either slaves or their descendants occupational work of any kind apart from warfare or statecraft  was despised.  Since the Renaissance though attitudes to work in the Western world have changed. Luther for example saw work as 'the base and key to life' an activity to be prized for its own sake.
The Renaissance view of work finds the reasons for work in the work itself.  This contrasts with the so-called Protestant view of work which places value on the religious associated with the activity and warns against the powerful guilt that might arise if one were not to work."[Quote p.17]